Fault location and classification in non-homogeneous transmission line utilizing breaker transients

In this paper, a single-ended fault location method is presented based on a circuit breaker operation using the frequencies of traveling waves. The proposed method receives the required data from voltage traveling waves with the aid of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Wavelet Transform. Then, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) identifies fault type and determines its location. In order to evaluate the proposed method, numerous simulations are done by varying parameters including fault resistance, fault inception angle, fault location, the presence of noise in waves, different sampling frequencies, and the different structures of the power system in PSCAD/EMTDC software. Then using the matrix data obtained from voltage signals, the training process of the proposed algorithm is implemented in MATLAB environment software. The given results show the acceptable accuracy of the proposed technique in the classification of fault type and determination of fault location comparing previous studies. Also, the maximum error of the proposed method is 1.29 percent, which is the robustness of the proposed scheme is higher than previous works in different situations that may affect the fault identification process.